Researchers at South Korea's Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST) have introduced a groundbreaking lithium metal battery equipped with a triple-layer solid polymer electrolyte designed to enhance both safety and longevity.
This breakthrough design not only enhances safety but also delivers impressive durability, retaining 87.9% of its performance after 1000 charging cycles.
Triple-layer structure enhances safety
At the core of this battery's innovation is its triple-layer electrolyte structure. Lithium metal batteries often struggle with dendrites - microscopic, branch-like lithium structures that can form during repeated charging and discharging cycles.
These dendrites can puncture the battery's internal layers, causing short circuits and increasing the risk of fires.
The DGIST researchers addressed this issue by designing a multi-layered electrolyte. The outer layers remain soft to maintain consistent contact with the battery's electrodes, while the middle layer adds structural rigidity.
Additionally, the electrolyte incorporates fire-suppressant materials, including decabromodiphenyl ethane, lithium salt and zeolite, further reinforcing its safety profile.
Superior longevity after 1000 cycles
One of the standout achievements of this battery is its long-term performance. Even after 1000 charging and discharging cycles, it maintains 87.9% of its original capacity.
For context, a typical EV battery might lose 20-30% of its capacity over a similar number of cycles.
Principal researcher Dr Kim Jae-Hyun highlighted the battery's potential, stating it could "make a significant contribution to the commercialisation of lithium metal batteries" and "provide enhanced stability and efficiency" for energy storage systems.
For EVs, this means improved reliability and longer-lasting range retention - a critical factor in EV adoption.
Versatile applications beyond EVs
While EVs are a clear beneficiary of this technology, the potential applications extend well beyond the automotive industry.
This next-generation battery technology holds promise for transforming devices ranging from smartphones and wearable gadgets to expansive energy storage systems.
From powering personal electronics to stabilising renewable energy grids, this innovation marks a substantial leap forward in battery technology.
With its self-extinguishing capability and extended lifespan, the DGIST battery sets a new benchmark for safety and efficiency in energy storage solutions.
As battery technology continues to evolve, innovations like these are essential for a sustainable, electrified future.